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killall program_name
Kill program(s) by name.
xkill
(in an xwindow terminal) Kill a GUI-based program with mouse. (Point with your mouse cursor
at the window of the process you want to kill and click.)
lpc
(as root) Check and control the printer(s). Type "?" to see the list of available commands.
lpq
Show the content of the printer queue. Under KDE (X-Windows), you may use GUI-based
"Printer Queue" available from "K"menu-Utilities.
lprm job_number
Remove a printing job "job_number" from the queue.
nice program_name
Run program_name adjusting its priority. Since the priority is not specified in this example, it
will be adjusted by 10 (the process will run slower), from the default value (usually 0). The
lower the number (of "niceness" to other users on the system), the higher the priority. The
priority value may be in the range -20 to 19. Only root may specify negative values. Use "top" to
display the priorities of the running processes.
renice -1 PID
(as root) Change the priority of a running process to -1. Normal users can only adjust processes
they own, and only up from the current value (make them run slower).
<Ctrl>c, <Ctrl>z, <Ctrl>s, and <Ctrl>q also belong to this chapter but they were described
previously. In short they mean: stop the current command, send the current command to the
background, stop the data transfer, resume the data transfer.
7.5 Basic administration commands
printtool
(as root in X-terminal) Configuration tool for your printer(s). Settings go to the file
/etc/printcap.
setup
(as root) Configure mouse, soundcard, keyboard, X-windows, system services. There are many
distibution-specific configuration utilities, setup is the default on RedHat. Mandrake 7.0 offers
very nice
DrakConf .
linuxconfig
(as root, either in text or graphical mode). You can access and change hundreds of setting from
it. Very powerful--don't change too many things at the same time, and be careful with changing
entries you don't understand.
xvidtune
(in X-terminal). Adjust the settings of the graphical display for all resolutions so as to eliminate
black bands, shift the display right/left/up/down, etc. (First use the knobs on your monitor to fit
your text mode correctly on the screen.) To make the changes permanent, display the frequencies
on the screen and transfer them to the setup file
/etc/X11/XF86Config.
alias ls="ls --color=tty"
Create an alias for the command "ls" to enhance its format with color. In this example, the alias
is also called "ls" and the "color" option is only envoke when the output is done to a terminal
(not to files). Put the alias into the file /etc/bashrc if you would like the alias to be always
accessible to all users on the system. Type "alias" alone to see the list of aliases on your
system.
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