Red Hat SYSTEM 8.0 - MIGRATION GUIDE 7.X TO 8.0 Guida di Installazione

Red Hat Linux 8.0The Official Red Hat Linux x86Installation Guide

x IntroductionTipRefer to the Red Hat Frequently Asked Questions for answers to questions and problems that mayoccur before, during, or after the inst

100 Appendix D. Troubleshooting Your Installation of Red Hat LinuxIf your hard drive is more than 1024 cylinders, you must create a /boot partition if

Appendix D. Troubleshooting Your Installation of Red Hat Linux 101This error occurs in some systems where links to /tmp are symbolic to other location

102 Appendix D. Troubleshooting Your Installation of Red Hat LinuxD.4.4. Problems with Server Installations and XIf you performed a server installatio

Appendix D. Troubleshooting Your Installation of Red Hat Linux 103Replace xx with the amount of RAM you have in megabytes. Remember that per-image app

104 Appendix D. Troubleshooting Your Installation of Red Hat LinuxD.4.7. Your Printer Will Not WorkIf you are not sure how to set up your printer or a

Appendix E.An Introduction to Disk PartitionsDisk partitions are a standard part of the personal computer landscape and have been for quite sometime.

106 Appendix E. An Introduction to Disk PartitionsFigure E-2. Disk Drive with a File SystemAs Figure E-2, implies, the order imposed by a file system i

Appendix E. An Introduction to Disk Partitions 107Figure E-4. Disk Drive with Data Written to ItAs Figure E-4, shows, 14 of the previously-empty block

108 Appendix E. An Introduction to Disk PartitionsAs Figure E-5, shows, the partition table is divided into four sections. Each section can hold thein

Appendix E. An Introduction to Disk Partitions 109Table E-1. Partition TypesBy this point, you might be wondering how all this additional complexity i

Chapter 1.Steps to Get You StartedNoteAlthough this manual reflects the most current information possible, you should read the Red HatLinux Release Not

110 Appendix E. An Introduction to Disk PartitionsHowever, due to the way in which partitions are accessed in Linux, you should avoid defining morethan

Appendix E. An Introduction to Disk Partitions 111E.1.4.2. Using Space from an Unused PartitionIn this case, maybe you have one or more partitions tha

112 Appendix E. An Introduction to Disk PartitionsFigure E-10. Disk Drive Being Destructively RepartitionedCautionAs Figure E-10, shows, any data pres

Appendix E. An Introduction to Disk Partitions 113E.1.4.3.2. Resize the existing partitionFigure E-12, shows the actual resizing process. While the ac

114 Appendix E. An Introduction to Disk Partitionsconfigurations under which it must run, Red Hat cannot guarantee that fips will work properly onyour

Appendix E. An Introduction to Disk Partitions 115NThe final number denotes the partition. The first four (primary or extended) partitions are num-bered

116 Appendix E. An Introduction to Disk Partitions/usr/local, meaning that /usr/local/man/whatis would then reside on /dev/hda7 ratherthan /dev/hda5.E

Appendix E. An Introduction to Disk Partitions 117may reside in the root partition (/). In either case, the partition in which /boot resides must conf

118 Appendix E. An Introduction to Disk Partitions

Appendix F.Driver DisksF.1. Why Do I Need a Driver Disk?While the Red Hat Linux installation program is loading, you may see a screen that asks you fo

12 Chapter 1. Steps to Get You Started1.1.2. Registering Your ProductIf you have purchased the Official Red Hat Linux boxed set, you should register yo

120 Appendix F. Driver DisksF.1.2.1. Creating a Driver Disk from an Image FileIf you have a driver disk image that you need to write to a floppy disk,

Appendix G.Configuring a Dual-Boot SystemSharing a computer between two operating systems requires dual booting. You can use either operatingsystem on

122 Appendix G. Configuring a Dual-Boot System• Do you want to install Red Hat Linux and then have the option of booting either Red Hat Linux oryour ot

Appendix G. Configuring a Dual-Boot System 123This choice available to you only if the computer has two or more hard drives or disk partitions.If a loc

124 Appendix G. Configuring a Dual-Boot System• Automatic partitioning — Choose Keep all partitions and use existing free space. This optionwill leave

Appendix G. Configuring a Dual-Boot System 125NoteMany people have successfully used FIPS to repartition their hard drives. However, because of thenatu

126 Appendix G. Configuring a Dual-Boot SystemWhen FIPS begins, you’ll find a welcome screen similar to the following:FIPS version 2.0, Copyright (C) 19

Appendix G. Configuring a Dual-Boot System 127The initial values allocate all free space on the disk to the new partition. This is not what youwant, be

128 Appendix G. Configuring a Dual-Boot System

Appendix H.Additional Boot OptionsThis appendix discusses additional boot and kernel boot options available for the Red Hat Linuxinstallation program.

Chapter 1. Steps to Get You Started 13The disk space used by Red Hat Linux must be separate from the disk space used by other OSes youmay have install

130 Appendix H. Additional Boot Optionsremote display terminal and does not allow access from anyone or any system not specificallyauthorized for remot

Appendix H. Additional Boot Options 131nomountThis command disables automatic mounting of any installed Linux partitions in rescue mode.nopassThis com

132 Appendix H. Additional Boot OptionsupdatesThis command will prompt you to insert a floppy diskette containing updates (bug fixes). Thisis not needed

IndexSymbols/boot, 47/boot partition(See partition, /boot)/root/install.loginstall log file location, 69Aadding partitions, 48file system type, 49ATAPI

134server, 18workstation, 17disketteboot, creating, 15making under Linux-like OS, 16making with MS-DOS, 15network boot, creating, 15PCMCIA support, cr

135keyboard navigation, 29mediacheck, 31methodCD-ROM, 33FTP, 33hard drive, 33HTTP, 33NFS image, 33selecting, 33network, 36NFS, 37NFS server informatio

136Ppackagesgroups, 66selecting, 66individual, 67installing, 66selecting, 66partition/boot, 116extended, 109root, 116swap, 116Partition Magic, 54, 83p

graphical GRUB screen, 101graphical LILO screen, 101logging in, 102printers, 104RAM not recognized, 102Sendmail hangs during startup, 104server instal

ColophonThe Official Red Hat Linux manuals are written in DocBook SGML v4.1 format. The HTML andPDF formats are produced using custom DSSSL stylesheets

14 Chapter 1. Steps to Get You Started1.4. Can You Install Using the CD-ROM?There are several methods that can be used to install Red Hat Linux.Instal

140

Chapter 1. Steps to Get You Started 151.4.2. Making Installation DiskettesYou may need to create a diskette from an image file; for example, you may ne

16 Chapter 1. Steps to Get You Started1.4.2.2. Using the dd CommandTo make a diskette under Linux (or any other Linux-like operating system), you must

Chapter 1. Steps to Get You Started 17UpgradeIf you already have a version of Red Hat Linux (6.2 or greater) running on your system andyou want to qui

18 Chapter 1. Steps to Get You Started1.5.2.1. What a Workstation Installation Will DoIf you choose automatic partitioning, a workstation installation

Chapter 1. Steps to Get You Started 191.5.4. Custom InstallationsThe custom installation allows you the most flexibility during your installation. The

Red Hat Linux 8.0: The Official Red Hat Linux x86 Installation GuideCopyright © 2002 by Red Hat, Inc.Red Hat, Inc.1801 Varsity DriveRaleigh NC 27606-20

20 Chapter 1. Steps to Get You Started

Chapter 2.Hardware Information and SystemRequirements TablesThis chapter provides instructions for learning about your hardware and a system requireme

22 Chapter 2. Hardware Information and System Requirements TablesFigure 2-2. Windows 9x System Properties• Disk drives — the type (IDE or SCSI) of har

Chapter 2. Hardware Information and System Requirements Tables 23If your computer is already running Windows 2000, you can use the following steps to

24 Chapter 2. Hardware Information and System Requirements Tables• Click on the Device Manager button. You will then see a graphical representation of

Chapter 2. Hardware Information and System Requirements Tables 25partitions: map ofpartitions and mountpoints; ex:/dev/hda1=/home,/dev/hda2=/ (fill thi

26 Chapter 2. Hardware Information and System Requirements Tablesgateway IP address: fournumbers, separated bydots; ex: 10.0.2.245one or more name ser

Chapter 3.Installing Red Hat LinuxThis chapter explains how to install Red Hat Linux from the CD-ROM. The following topics arediscussed:• Becoming fam

28 Chapter 3. Installing Red Hat LinuxConsole Keystrokes Contents1 [Ctrl]-[Alt]-[F1] installation dialog2 [Ctrl]-[Alt]-[F2] shell prompt3 [Ctrl]-[Alt]

Chapter 3. Installing Red Hat Linux 29Figure 3-2. Installation Program Widgets as seen in Disk DruidHere is a list of the most important widgets shown

Table of ContentsIntroduction...

30 Chapter 3. Installing Red Hat LinuxTo "press" a button, position the cursor over the button (using [Tab], for example) and press [Space]o

Chapter 3. Installing Red Hat Linux 31Insert the boot diskette into your computer’s first diskette drive and reboot (or boot using the CD-ROM, if your

32 Chapter 3. Installing Red Hat LinuxThe installation program will prompt you to insert a CD or select an ISO image to test, and selectOK to perform

Chapter 3. Installing Red Hat Linux 33This method will not work if run in a DOS window — the autoboot.bat file must be executed withDOS as the only ope

34 Chapter 3. Installing Red Hat LinuxTo install Red Hat Linux from a CD-ROM, choose the CD-ROM option from the boot loader screenand select OK. When

Chapter 3. Installing Red Hat Linux 353.6. Installing from a Hard DriveNoteHard drive installations only work from ext2, ext3, or FAT file systems. If

36 Chapter 3. Installing Red Hat LinuxEnter the device name of the partition containing the Red Hat ISO images. There is also a field labeledDirectory

Chapter 3. Installing Red Hat Linux 37If you are not sure how to do this, refer to the Official Red Hat Linux Customization Guide and theOfficial Red Ha

38 Chapter 3. Installing Red Hat LinuxFigure 3-4. NFS Setup DialogIf the NFS server is exporting the ISO images of the Red Hat Linux CD-ROMs, enter th

Chapter 3. Installing Red Hat Linux 39TipYou can also install Red Hat Linux using ISO images without copying them into a single tree byloopback mounti

3.18.4. Recommended Partitioning Scheme ... 473.18.5. Adding Partitions ...

40 Chapter 3. Installing Red Hat Linux3.11. Welcome to Red Hat LinuxThe Welcome screen does not prompt you for any input. Please read over the help te

Chapter 3. Installing Red Hat Linux 41Figure 3-8. Keyboard ConfigurationTipTo change your keyboard layout type after you have completed the installatio

42 Chapter 3. Installing Red Hat LinuxTipIf you have a scroll mouse, select the MS Intellimouse entry (with your proper mouse port) as thecompatible m

Chapter 3. Installing Red Hat Linux 43Figure 3-10. Choosing Install or UpgradeTo perform an upgrade, please refer to Appendix A.For more information a

44 Chapter 3. Installing Red Hat LinuxFigure 3-11. Disk Partitioning SetupWarningThe Red Hat Update Agent downloads updated packages to /var/spool/up2

Chapter 3. Installing Red Hat Linux 45Figure 3-12. Automatic PartitioningUsing your mouse, choose the hard drive(s) on which you want Red Hat Linux to

46 Chapter 3. Installing Red Hat LinuxFigure 3-13. Partitioning with Disk DruidThe partitioning tool used by the installation program is Disk Druid. W

Chapter 3. Installing Red Hat Linux 47• Reset: Used to restore Disk Druid to its original state. All changes made will be lost if you Resetthe partiti

48 Chapter 3. Installing Red Hat Linux• A /boot partition (75 MB) — the partition mounted on /boot contains the operating systemkernel (which allows y

Chapter 3. Installing Red Hat Linux 49• File System Type: Using the pull-down menu, select the appropriate file system type for this parti-tion. For mo

D. Troubleshooting Your Installation of Red Hat Linux... 97D.1. You are Unable to Boot Red

50 Chapter 3. Installing Red Hat Linux• swap — Swap partitions are used to support virtual memory. In other words, data is written to aswap partition

Chapter 3. Installing Red Hat Linux 51NoteNone of the changes you make take effect until you save them and exit fdisk using the w command.You can quit

52 Chapter 3. Installing Red Hat LinuxIf you already have a boot loader that can boot Linux and do not want to overwrite your current bootloader, or i

Chapter 3. Installing Red Hat Linux 53The master boot record (MBR)This is the recommended place to install a boot loader, unless the MBR already start

54 Chapter 3. Installing Red Hat Linux• Using the CD-ROM to boot, type linux rescue at the boot: prompt.• By booting your system from an installation

Chapter 3. Installing Red Hat Linux 553.20.4. SMP Motherboards, GRUB, and LILOThis section is specific to SMP motherboards only. SMP, short for Symmetr

56 Chapter 3. Installing Red Hat LinuxThe installation program will automatically detect any network devices you have and display them inthe Network D

Chapter 3. Installing Red Hat Linux 573.22. Firewall ConfigurationRed Hat Linux offers firewall protection for enhanced system security. A firewall exist

58 Chapter 3. Installing Red Hat LinuxMediumIf you choose Medium, your firewall will not allow remote machines to have access to certainresources on yo

Chapter 3. Installing Red Hat Linux 59TelnetTelnet is a protocol for logging into remote machines. Telnet communications are unen-crypted and provide

H. Additional Boot Options... 129Index...

60 Chapter 3. Installing Red Hat LinuxCautionIf you select only one language, you will only be able to use that specified language after the instal-lat

Chapter 3. Installing Red Hat Linux 61The second tab allows you to specify a UTC offset. The tab displays a list of offsets to choose from,as well as

62 Chapter 3. Installing Red Hat LinuxFigure 3-22. Account Creation3.25.1. Setting the Root PasswordSetting up a root account and password is one of t

Chapter 3. Installing Red Hat Linux 63The root password must be at least six characters long; the password you type is not echoed to thescreen. You mu

64 Chapter 3. Installing Red Hat LinuxTipTo change your user account configuration after you have completed the installation, use the UserManager.Type

Chapter 3. Installing Red Hat Linux 65• NIS Domain — allows you to specify the domain or group of computers your system belongsto.• Use broadcast to fi

66 Chapter 3. Installing Red Hat Linux3.27. Package Group SelectionAfter your partitions have been selected and configured for formatting, you are read

Chapter 3. Installing Red Hat Linux 67Figure 3-26. Package Group DetailsTo select packages individually, check the Select Individual Packages box at t

68 Chapter 3. Installing Red Hat LinuxTo select an individual package, double-click the checkbox beside the package name. A check markin the box means

Chapter 3. Installing Red Hat Linux 69If you do not wish to install packages that require other packages, select Do not install packages thathave depe

IntroductionWelcome to the Official Red Hat Linux x86 Installation Guide. This guide contains useful informationto assist you during the installation o

70 Chapter 3. Installing Red Hat LinuxFigure 3-29. Installing Packages3.30. Boot Disk CreationTo create a boot disk, insert a blank, formatted diskett

Chapter 3. Installing Red Hat Linux 71Figure 3-30. Creating Your Boot Disk3.31. Video Card ConfigurationThe installation program will now present a lis

72 Chapter 3. Installing Red Hat LinuxNext, enter the amount of video memory installed on your video card. If you are not sure, pleaseconsult the docu

Chapter 3. Installing Red Hat Linux 73Figure 3-32. Monitor SelectionThe horizontal and vertical ranges that the installation program suggests for the

74 Chapter 3. Installing Red Hat LinuxFigure 3-33. X CustomizationTipTo change your X configuration after you have completed the installation, use the

Chapter 3. Installing Red Hat Linux 75TipIf you are not sure what to do next, we suggest you begin with the Official Red Hat Linux GettingStarted Guide

76 Chapter 3. Installing Red Hat Linux

Appendix A.Upgrading Your Current SystemThis appendix walks you through a typical Red Hat Linux 8.0 upgrade.A.1. What it Means to UpgradeThe installat

78 Appendix A. Upgrading Your Current SystemA.3. Upgrading Your File SystemNoteThis section only pertains to users performing an upgrade from Red Hat

Appendix A. Upgrading Your Current System 79To customize your packages for this upgrade, select the Customize packages to be upgraded optionand click

viii Introductiontext found on a GUI interfaceA title, word, or phrase found on a GUI interface screen or window will be shown in this style.When you

80 Appendix A. Upgrading Your Current SystemGRUB (GRand Unified Bootloader), which is installed by default, is a very powerful boot loader.GRUB can loa

Appendix A. Upgrading Your Current System 81NoteThe Label column lists what you must enter at the boot prompt, in non-graphical boot loaders, inorder

82 Appendix A. Upgrading Your Current SystemFigure A-5. Boot Loader InstallationIf your system will use only Red Hat Linux, you should choose the MBR.

Appendix A. Upgrading Your Current System 83A.5.4. Alternative Boot LoadersIf you do not wish to use a boot loader, you have several alternatives:Boot

84 Appendix A. Upgrading Your Current SystemThe two LILO entries will be linux and linux-up. The linux entry will boot by default. However,if you have

Appendix A. Upgrading Your Current System 85A.6.1. Unresolved DependenciesIf any package requires another package which you have not selected to insta

86 Appendix A. Upgrading Your Current SystemFigure A-8. Installing PackagesA.8. Boot Diskette CreationTo create a boot diskette, insert a blank, forma

Appendix A. Upgrading Your Current System 87Figure A-9. Boot Diskette CreationA.9. Upgrade CompleteCongratulations! Your Red Hat Linux 8.0 upgrade is

88 Appendix A. Upgrading Your Current System

Appendix B.Removing Red Hat LinuxTo uninstall Red Hat Linux from your system, you will need to remove the GRUB or LILO informa-tion from your master b

Introduction ixNoteRemember that Linux is case sensitive. In other words, a rose is not a ROSE is not a rOsE.TipThe directory /usr/share/doc contains

90 Appendix B. Removing Red Hat Linux

Appendix C.Getting Technical SupportC.1. Remember to Sign UpIf you have an official edition of Red Hat Linux 8.0 and/or an official Red Hat OEM partner

92 Appendix C. Getting Technical Support• Installation of Red Hat Linux from a supported CD-ROM drive• Assistance with configuring Red Hat Linux for us

Appendix C. Getting Technical Support 93http://www.redhat.com/support/C.3. Scope of Red Hat SupportRed Hat, Inc. can only provide installation assista

94 Appendix C. Getting Technical Support2. Using the login name and password you created during the customer profile, please log in at theRed Hat Suppo

Appendix C. Getting Technical Support 95• Specific hardware devices that may be relevant to your problem (for example: If you cannot setupnetworking, w

96 Appendix C. Getting Technical Support

Appendix D.Troubleshooting Your Installation of Red HatLinuxThis appendix discusses some common installation problems and their solutions.D.1. You are

98 Appendix D. Troubleshooting Your Installation of Red Hat LinuxCheck the online errata for updated diskette images (if available) and follow the ins

Appendix D. Troubleshooting Your Installation of Red Hat Linux 99You can choose to continue with the GUI installation or use the text mode installatio