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Technical Note
Copyright © 2008 VMware, Inc. All rights reserved. 1
Installing and Configuring
Linux Guest Operating Systems
VMware® Infrastructure 3
DatacenterstodayhaveamixofWindowsandLinuxworkloads.IDCestimatesin2008that68percentofall
physicalserversshippedareWindowsbased,comparedto23percentthatareLinuxbased.However,the
proliferationofLinuxenvironmentsissteadilyincreasing.From2006to2011,IDCforecaststhecompounded
annual
growthrate(CAGR)ofphysicalserverunitsrunningLinuxat28.1percent,withWindowstrailingat
25.0percent.AsmoredatacentersarevirtualizedwithVMwareInfrastructure3,itmakessensethatthese
virtualizedenvironmentsarealsotrendingtowardsincreaseduseofLinux.TheCAGRofvirtualserverunits
runningLinux
isforecastedbyIDCat44.1percent,withWindowsbehindat39.0percent.Linuxoperating
systemsnowhostapplicationsfromdatabasestoWebserverstoapplicationservers,muchastheirWindows
counterpartsdo.Linuxguestoperatingsystemsarehere,andVMwareisdedicatedtosupportingthem.
Thistechnicalnotedescribesinstalling,
configuring,updating,andadministeringLinuxguestoperating
systemsinvirtualmachinesrunningonVMwareInfrastructure3version3.5(specificallyVMware
VirtualCenter2.5Update2andVMwareESX3.5Update2).Inaddition,thisnoteincludesacollectionofuseful
tipsandtricksinfinetuningyourLinuxvirtualmachines,whichmay
ormaynotapplytoallyourLinuxusage
scenarios.AlthoughtherecommendationsinthispaperapplytomostLinuxdistributions,theyaretailored
specificallytoRedHatEnterpriseLinux5.IDCobservedin2007thatofallpaidLinuxsubscriptions,RedHat
EnterpriseLinuxcameinat62.1percent
andNovellSUSELinuxEnterpriseServerplacedsecondat29percent.
LinuxadministratorscanusethispaperasasourceforguidelineswhenbuildingandmaintainingLinux
virtualmachinesintheirVMwareInfrastructureenvironments.SomeworkingknowledgeofVirtualCenter2.5
Update2,ESX3.5Update2,andLinuxoperatingsystemsis
required.
Thistechnicalnotecoversthefollowingtopics:
“LinuxSupportonVMwareESX”onpage 2
“InstallingLinuxinaVirtualMachine”onpage 2
“InstallingandUpgradingVMwareToolsonpage 4
“CloningaLinuxGuestOperatingSystem”onpage 9
“VMwareUpdateManageronpage 11
“LinuxTimeSynchronizationRecommendations”onpage 12
“A d d i t i o n a l Notes”onpage 15
“Resources”onpage 19
AppendixA:LinuxVersionsSupportedonESXServeronpage 20
AppendixB:CommandLineOptionsforVMw areToolsUpgrades”onpage 21
AppendixC:EnablingVMIinaLinuxKernelandinESX3.5”onpage 22
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Sommario

Pagina 1 - Linux Guest Operating Systems

Technical NoteCopyright © 2008 VMware, Inc. All rights reserved. 1 Installing and Configuring Linux Guest Operating SystemsVMware® Infrastructure 3Da

Pagina 2 - Linux Support on VMware ESX

Copyright © 2008 VMware, Inc. All rights reserved. 10Installing and Configuring Linux Guest Operating Systems  Thecloneortemplatehasarootvolu

Pagina 3 - Choosing a Kernel

Copyright © 2008 VMware, Inc. All rights reserved. 11Installing and Configuring Linux Guest Operating Systems 6OntheDNSandDomainsettingspage,e

Pagina 4

Copyright © 2008 VMware, Inc. All rights reserved. 12Installing and Configuring Linux Guest Operating Systems \docroot\vci\guestAgent\.Forexample,

Pagina 5

Copyright © 2008 VMware, Inc. All rights reserved. 13Installing and Configuring Linux Guest Operating Systems ForGRUB,putthekernelcommandlinep

Pagina 6

Copyright © 2008 VMware, Inc. All rights reserved. 14Installing and Configuring Linux Guest Operating Systems Recommended ConfigurationsBasedonvend

Pagina 7 - Verifying VMware Tools Setup

Copyright © 2008 VMware, Inc. All rights reserved. 15Installing and Configuring Linux Guest Operating Systems Theconfigurationdirectivetinker pani

Pagina 8 - VMware Tools Upgrades

Copyright © 2008 VMware, Inc. All rights reserved. 16Installing and Configuring Linux Guest Operating Systems Asynchronous I/OSupportforasynchronou

Pagina 9

Copyright © 2008 VMware, Inc. All rights reserved. 17Installing and Configuring Linux Guest Operating Systems ThemainlineLinuxkernelhasmovedto

Pagina 10

Copyright © 2008 VMware, Inc. All rights reserved. 18Installing and Configuring Linux Guest Operating Systems Theideaofguest‐hostinteractionisn

Pagina 11 - VMware Update Manager

Copyright © 2008 VMware, Inc. All rights reserved. 19Installing and Configuring Linux Guest Operating Systems Whenaworkloadrunsinusermode,the

Pagina 12 - Editing Kernel Configuration

Copyright © 2008 VMware, Inc. All rights reserved. 2Installing and Configuring Linux Guest Operating Systems Linux Support on VMware ESXVMwareESXsu

Pagina 13

Copyright © 2008 VMware, Inc. All rights reserved. 20Installing and Configuring Linux Guest Operating Systems  “ImprovingGuestOperatingSystemAcc

Pagina 14 - NTP Recommendations

Copyright © 2008 VMware, Inc. All rights reserved. 21Installing and Configuring Linux Guest Operating Systems Appendix B: Command-Line Options for VM

Pagina 15 - Additional Notes

Copyright © 2008 VMware, Inc. All rights reserved. 22Installing and Configuring Linux Guest Operating Systems Appendix C: Enabling VMI in a Linux Ker

Pagina 16 - Asynchronous I/O

23Installing and Configuring Linux Guest Operating Systems If you have comments about this documentation, submit your feedback to: docfeedback@vmwar

Pagina 17 - Linux Swappiness

Copyright © 2008 VMware, Inc. All rights reserved. 3Installing and Configuring Linux Guest Operating Systems RatherthaninstallingfromaphysicalC

Pagina 18 - VMI Performance Benefits

Copyright © 2008 VMware, Inc. All rights reserved. 4Installing and Configuring Linux Guest Operating Systems OnIntelplatforms,64‐bitguestscanbe

Pagina 19 - Resources

Copyright © 2008 VMware, Inc. All rights reserved. 5Installing and Configuring Linux Guest Operating Systems  TheVMwareToolscontrolpanel,which

Pagina 20

Copyright © 2008 VMware, Inc. All rights reserved. 6Installing and Configuring Linux Guest Operating Systems 7InanXterminal,asroot(su -),runt

Pagina 21

Copyright © 2008 VMware, Inc. All rights reserved. 7Installing and Configuring Linux Guest Operating Systems ./vmware-install.plRespondtotheconfig

Pagina 22 - Enabling VMI in ESX 3.5

Copyright © 2008 VMware, Inc. All rights reserved. 8Installing and Configuring Linux Guest Operating Systems Major Components Installed by VMware Too

Pagina 23 - VMI Timer active

Copyright © 2008 VMware, Inc. All rights reserved. 9Installing and Configuring Linux Guest Operating Systems  VirtualmachinesmustbehostedonESX

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