Red Hat NETSCAPE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM 6.1 - COMMAND-LINE Guida di Installazione Scaricare il pdf (Pagina 112)

112 Chapter 11. Shell Prompt Basics

Tip

To read startup messages more closely, at a shell prompt, type dmesg | less. You will be able to

read the ﬁle one screen at a time. To move forward, press the [Spacebar]; to quit, press [Q].

Pipes can also be used to print only certain lines from a ﬁle. Type:

grep coffee sneakers.txt | lpr

This will print every line in the sneakers.txt ﬁle that mentions the word "coffee" (read more about

grep in Section 11.11.3).

11.10.1. The more Command

The main difference between more and less is that more only lets you move forward through a ﬁle

and less lets you move backward and forward.

List the contents of the /etc directory using ls and more.

ls -al /etc | more

Figure 11-8. Piping Output of ls to more

Use the [Spacebar] to move forward through the pages. Press [q] to exit.

11.11. More Commands for Reading Text Files

You have already been introduced to several basic shell prompt commands for reading ﬁles in text

editors. Here are a few more.

11.11.1. The head Command

You can use the head command to look at the beginning of a ﬁle. The command is:

head

filename

1 2 ... 107 108 109 110 111 112 113 114 115 116 117 ... 157 158

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Red Hat NETSCAPE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM 6.1 - COMMAND-LINE Guida di Installazione Pagina 112