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Chapter 13.

Network Scripts

Using Red Hat Linux, all network communications occur between interfaces and physical networking

devices connected to the system, conﬁgured in a particular way, and utilizing at least one protocol to

exchange data with other systems. The different types of interfaces that exist are as varied as the

physical devices they support.

The conﬁguration ﬁles for the various network interfaces and the scripts to make activate and deacti-

vate them are located in the /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ directory. While the existence

of particular interface ﬁles can differ from system to system, the three different types of ﬁles that ex-

ist in this directory, interface conﬁguration ﬁles, interface control scripts, and network function ﬁles,

work together to enable Red Hat Linux to use various network devices.

This chapter will explore the relationship between these ﬁles and how they are used.

13.1. Interface Conﬁguration Files

Interface conﬁguration ﬁles control the operation of individual network interface device. As your Red

Hat Linux system boots, it uses these ﬁles to know what interfaces to bring up and how to conﬁgure

them. These ﬁles are usually named ifcfg-

device , where device refers to the name of the

device that the conﬁguration ﬁle controls.

13.1.1. Ethernet Interfaces

One of the most common interface ﬁles is ifcfg-eth0, which controls the ﬁrst network interface

card or NIC in the system. In a system with multiple NICs, you will also have multiple ifcfg-eth

ﬁles, each one with number at the end of the ﬁle name. Because each device has its own conﬁguration

ﬁle, you can control how each interface functions.

Below is a sample ifcfg-eth0 for a system using a ﬁxed IP address:

DEVICE=eth0

BOOTPROTO=none

ONBOOT=yes

BROADCAST=10.0.1.255

NETWORK=10.0.1.0

NETMASK=255.255.255.0

IPADDR=10.0.1.27

USERCTL=no

The values required in an interface conﬁguration ﬁle can change based on other values. For example,

the ifcfg-eth0 ﬁle for an interface using DHCP looks quite a bit different, because IP information

is provided by the DHCP server:

DEVICE=eth0

BOOTPROTO=dhcp

ONBOOT=yes

Most of the time you will probably want to use a GUI utility, such as Network Conﬁgurator

(redhat-config-network) to make changes to the various interface conﬁguration ﬁles. See the

Ofﬁcial Red Hat Linux Customization Guide for instructions on using this tool.

You can also edit the conﬁguration ﬁle for a given network interface by hand. Below is a listing of the

parameters one can expect to conﬁgure in an interface conﬁguration ﬁle.

1 2 ... 156 157 158 159 160 161 162 163 164 165 166 ... 281 282

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Red Hat LINUX 7.2 - OFFICIAL LINUX CUSTOMIZATION GUIDE Guida di Installazione Pagina 161

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