Red Hat LINUX 7.2 - OFFICIAL LINUX CUSTOMIZATION GUIDE Guida di Installazione Scaricare il pdf (Pagina 179)

Chapter 15. Apache 179

15.2. Starting and Stopping httpd

During the installation process, a Bourne shell script named httpd was saved in

/etc/rc.d/init.d/. To manually stop, start, or check the status of your server, run httpd with

either stop, start, or status as an argument.

To start your server, type the command:

/sbin/service httpd start

If you are running Apache as a secure server, you will be prompted to ﬁll in your password. After you

type it in, your server will start.

To stop your server, type the command:

/sbin/service httpd stop

The command restart is a shorthand way of stopping and then starting your server. The restart

command explicitly stops and then starts your server. You will be prompted for your password if you

are running Apache as a secure server. The restart command looks like the following:

/sbin/service httpd restart

If you just ﬁnished editing something in your httpd.conf ﬁle, you do not need to explicitly stop

and start your server. Instead, you can use the reload command. When you use reload, you will

not need to type in your password. Your password will remain cached across reloads, but it will not

be cached between stops and starts. The reload command looks like the following:

/sbin/service httpd reload

By default, the httpd process will start automatically when your machine boots. If you are running

Apache as a secure server, you will be prompted for the secure server’s password after the machine

boots, unless you generated a key for your secure server without password protection.

15.3. Conﬁguration Directives in httpd.conf

The Apache Web server conﬁguration ﬁle is /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf. The httpd.conf

ﬁle is well-commented and somewhat self-explanatory. Its default conﬁguration will work for most

people, so you should not need to change the directives in httpd.conf. However, you may want to

be familiar with the most important conﬁguration options.

The empty srm.conf and access.conf ﬁles are also in the /etc/httpd/conf/ directory. The

srm.conf and access.conf ﬁles were formerly used, along with httpd.conf, as conﬁguration

ﬁles for Apache.

If you need to conﬁgure Apache, edit httpd.conf and then either reload, or stop and start the httpd

process. How to reload, stop and start Apache is covered in Section 15.2.

Before you edit httpd.conf, you should ﬁrst copy the original ﬁle to something like httpd.conf-

old, for example. By creating a backup, you can recover potential mistakes made while editing the

new conﬁguration ﬁle.

If you do make a mistake, and your Web server does not work correctly, ﬁrst review what you have

recently edited in httpd.conf. Make sure that you did not make a typo. The next place to look

is your Web server’s error log (/var/log/httpd/error_log). The error log may not be easy to

interpret, depending on your level of experience. If you have just experienced a problem, however, the

last entries in the error log should provide information about what has happened.

The next sections provide short descriptions of the directives included in httpd.conf. These de-

scriptions are not exhaustive. If you need more information, refer to the Apache documentation

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Red Hat LINUX 7.2 - OFFICIAL LINUX CUSTOMIZATION GUIDE Guida di Installazione Pagina 179

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